This page compares two distinct NUCC-taxonomy specialties tracked by the CMS National Plan and Provider Enumeration System: Pain Medicine (Psychiatry & Neurology) Physician, which currently counts 160 enrolled providers across 39 U.S. states and territories, and Psychiatry Physician, with 53,171 providers across 56 states. Each clinician on these rosters selected a primary NUCC code at NPI enrollment, so the totals measure how many providers self-identify their primary practice as Pain Medicine (Psychiatry & Neurology) Physician or Psychiatry Physician rather than the total population ever trained or credentialed in either field — dual-certified clinicians show up under whichever code they registered first.

On national volume, Psychiatry Physician carries the larger provider roster (53,171 vs 160), and Psychiatry Physician has the wider geographic footprint at 56 states versus 39. The top Pain Medicine (Psychiatry & Neurology) Physician concentration sits in California (26 providers), while Psychiatry Physician peaks in California (7,700). The per-capita columns in the table below normalize each state's raw count against 2023 Census population estimates, which matters because absolute provider counts track population scale first and specialty density second — a small state with a strong training pipeline can out-rank a larger state on per-100K availability.

Use this comparison to understand relative availability, not to judge clinical substitutability — Pain Medicine (Psychiatry & Neurology) Physician and Psychiatry Physician are distinct specialties with different scopes of practice, training requirements, and conditions they treat, even when their NUCC categories overlap. Important: PlainDoctor is a directory of publicly available CMS government data, not medical advice, a provider rating, or a recommendation about which specialty a patient should consult. Always work with a licensed clinician to determine which specialty is appropriate for your condition, verify any specific provider through the NPPES NPI Registry and the relevant state medical board, and consult the NUCC taxonomy documentation for the formal scope-of-practice definitions behind each specialty code.