NPPES file of Aug 9, 2026

Providers Elroma David to Kathryn David, FNP

300 individual NPIs in the federal registry, part 5,015 of 24,427 of the A to Z by surname. Each row is the registry's record: the name and credential, the NPI, the primary specialty, the practice city and the year the NPI was issued. 111 link to a page of their own with Medicare and CMS data the registry does not carry.

CMS NPPES registry, monthly file · specialties as NUCC taxonomy codes · method

ProviderNPISpecialtyPractice cityNPI issued
Elroma David1134777568Physician AssistantAtlanta, GA2019
Elsie David1730621079Ambulatory Care Registered NurseDowney, CA2016
Emily David1235028705Behavior TechnicianKailua Kona, HI2025
Emily David, PMHNP1619696044Psychiatric/Mental Health Nurse PractitionerTacoma, WA2022
Emily David, DO1811699770Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training ProgramLos Angeles, CA2023
Emma David1467150102Addiction (Substance Use Disorder) CounselorSault Sainte Marie, MI2023
Enrique David, M. D.1245253038Surgery PhysicianChicago, IL2006
Ephraim David, DO1184471302Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training ProgramAbingdon, VA2024
Ephrat David, LMHC, MFT1114052156Mental Health CounselorPittsfield, MA2007
Eriberto David, MD1801810379Diagnostic Radiology PhysicianCamden, NJ2006
Eric David, LMFT1053822577Marriage & Family TherapistSan Marcos, CA2017
Eric David, LLMSW1164201604Clinical Social WorkerRoyal Oak, MI2023
Eric David, MD1184999161Internal Medicine PhysicianPalo Alto, CA2012
Eric David, DPT1487094470Physical TherapistDenver, CO2013
Erica David1215671052Social WorkerWaco, TX2022
Erika David, PA-C, ATC1609285949Physician AssistantWinter Park, FL2014
Erin David, MD1104974906Psychiatry PhysicianSan Diego, CA2007
Erin David, BSN, RN1215402292Registered NurseHolland, MI2018
Ernst David, DC1912460205ChiropractorBronx, NY2019
Eryn David, RD1154935179Registered DietitianHerndon, VA2020
Esther David1568003424Social WorkerOrange, NJ2019
Ethan David, DDS1841387172General Practice DentistryRiverdale, NY2006
Ethan David, PT, DPT1972433993Physical TherapistPlainfield, IL2026
Eunice David1922679828Mental Health CounselorNewton, MA2021
Evan David1508402017Behavior TechnicianFarmington Hills, MI2019
Evelyn David1932375896Pediatric Rheumatology PhysicianNew Brunswick, NJ2008
Evonne David, LCSW1427340314Clinical Social WorkerLos Altos, CA2011
Ezra David1124950316Physical TherapistTucson, AZ2026
Faith David, PHARMD1134823321PharmacistMount Pleasant, SC2023
Faith David1790249191Licensed Vocational NurseArlington, TX2019
Fang David, MD1710902473Internal Medicine PhysicianFort Worth, TX2006
Favour David1467207605Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training ProgramKalamazoo, MI2024
Federico David1306014485Physical TherapistMaryville, IL2008
Felicia David1477130714Behavior AnalystPlainfield, IL2021
Felisa Mae David, APN1164183323Nurse PractitionerChicago, IL2022
Flora David, NP1497990246Nurse PractitionerFresno, CA2008
Flordeluna David, P.T1558644823Physical TherapistHigh Point, NC2011
Floyd David, MD1053481804Internal Medicine PhysicianRoseville, CA2006
Frances David, LPCC1124917117Mental Health CounselorDenver, CO2025
Francis David, MS, CCC-SLP1518581594Speech-Language PathologistRancho Cucamonga, CA2020
Francis David1649609124Mental Health CounselorSacramento, CA2013
Frank David, M.D.1801953229Anatomic Pathology PhysicianBoston, MA2007
Frederick David, MD1255313565Family Medicine PhysicianChico, CA2005
Frederick David, M.D.1982793808Radiation Oncology PhysicianSanta Rosa, CA2006
Gabriel David1528959699Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training ProgramFayetteville, AR2025
Gabriel David, M.D.1659662542Emergency Medicine PhysicianAuburn, CA2011
Gabriel David1962278770Peer SpecialistMedina, OH2023
Gabrielle David1972281657Case Manager/Care CoordinatorMarksville, LA2023
Gail David1184169260Registered NurseLaurelton, NY2016
Gail David, M.S.1447512298SpecialistFarmingville, NY2012
Galen David, LPCC1942737929Mental Health CounselorMinneapolis, MN2017
Gemma David1740069822Registered NurseSan Diego, CA2023
Genevieve David, LCSW1457821274Clinical Social WorkerNew York, NY2018
George David, PHARM.D.1396142436PharmacistSacramento, CA2014
Gerald David, PHD1609091800Clinical PsychologistBrooklyn, NY2007
Gerald David, D.D.S.1699977728DentistEnglewood, FL2007
Geraldine David, NP1992089973Family Nurse PractitionerPhoenix, AZ2011
Gerard David, MD1831145283Infectious Disease PhysicianSioux Falls, SD2006
Geula David1245054410Speech-Language PathologistSouthfield, MI2024
Giancarla David1942594320Behavior AnalystMiami, FL2011
Gillian David, LMSW1003281932Addiction (Substance Use Disorder) CounselorNew York, NY2015
Ginger David1831625326CounselorTaylorsville, UT2017
Giovanni David1952012437Physician AssistantArcadia, CA2022
Giovanni Paolo David, M.D.1962559781Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation PhysicianSalisbury, MD2007
Gisel David, PT1033996665Physical TherapistCarson City, NV2023
Giselle David1881536407Pediatric Occupational TherapistFullerton, CA2026
Glen David, MD1639285182Pain Medicine (Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation) PhysicianSeattle, WA2006
Glineth David1508787722Registered NurseSan Francisco, CA2026
Grace David, LPC1295240232Mental Health CounselorDuncanville, TX2017
Grace David, DPM1467562561PodiatristKankakee, IL2006
Grace David1740667732Professional CounselorAnnapolis, MD2015
Grace David1861950693Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training ProgramAlbany, LA2019
Grenda David1760869531Marriage & Family TherapistToluca Lake, CA2015
Gretzel David, RN1801678271Registered NurseSan Ramon, CA2023
Gunilla David, MFT1174881619Marriage & Family TherapistBeverly Hills, CA2012
Gus David1447766183PharmacistNorth Las Vegas, NV2017
Gwen David, MD1225138308Obstetrics & Gynecology PhysicianWest Orange, NJ2006
Hailee David1295426120Behavior TechnicianFarmington Hills, MI2023
Haley David, FNP1366037038Family Nurse PractitionerPort Allen, LA2021
Hamer David, M D1497726327Diagnostic Radiology PhysicianGreenville, SC2006
Hanna David1265849251SpecialistMonroe, NY2014
Hannah David, PA-C1205615663Geriatric Psychiatry PhysicianGreenville, SC2023
Hannah David, MSW, LSW1699640995Social WorkerWestminster, CO2025
Hannah David1770931198Speech-Language PathologistSouth Hadley, MA2016
Harlan David, PA-C1457632689Physician AssistantEvans, CO2011
Hazel Nikki David, FNP-C1669210621Family Nurse PractitionerWest Covina, CA2024
Hazel-Ann David, M.D.1356332340Family Medicine PhysicianOrlando, FL2005
Heather David, NURSE PRACTITIONER1497269377Gerontology Nurse PractitionerPhiladelphia, PA2017
Heather David, M.P.T.1639391014Physical TherapistSan Marcos, CA2007
Heather David, CNA1942562582Nurse's AideTuba City, AZ2012
Heidi David1841117355Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training ProgramAugusta, GA2026
Henry David1104049204General Practice DentistryConcord, NH2007
Henry David, MD1114975943Emergency Medicine PhysicianColumbia, MO2006
Henry David, DO1649346776Orthopaedic Surgery PhysicianCherry Hill, NJ2006
Henry David, M.D.1851785547Neurology with Special Qualifications in Child Neurology PhysicianChicago, IL2015
Herlene David1962729145Registered NurseJamaica, NY2010
Hilario David, M.D.1497757389Family Medicine PhysicianCape Coral, FL2005
Hilary David1568695518ContractorArlington, TX2009
Hiroko David, MD1174855225Pediatrics PhysicianKirkland, WA2010
Hoel Rupert David, NP1891450532Family Nurse PractitionerLemoore, CA2021
Holly David, DPT1093272403Physical TherapistBradenton, FL2019
Holly David, RD1568551174Registered DietitianWestbrook, CT2006
Hope Marie David1972173292Behavior TechnicianHayward, CA2021
Ignatius David, MA, PC1336418136Mental Health CounselorAshland, OH2011
Ilana David1508019910Occupational TherapistFar Rockaway, NY2008
Ilana David, PT1841846987Physical TherapistPhiladelphia, PA2019
Imelda David, DMD1104014497DentistEl Cajon, CA2007
Inia David1639709074Behavior TechnicianCerritos, CA2020
Inna Patricia David1386500916Registered NurseAstoria, NY2025
Irfan David1154763639Family Nurse PractitionerBronx, NY2013
Irving David, MD1104867274Thoracic Surgery (Cardiothoracic Vascular Surgery) PhysicianAventura, FL2006
Iryn David1417522913Behavior TechnicianCity Industry, CA2021
Isaac David, PSYCHOLOGIST1851731038PsychologistLas Vegas, NV2013
Isaac David, CDCA1982192605Case Manager/Care CoordinatorMedina, OH2018
Isi David1083599542Registered NurseBrooklyn, NY2025
Ismael David, M.D.1124395140Internal Medicine PhysicianPort Jefferson, NY2011
Isolene David1972303295Behavior TechnicianPlatte City, MO2025
Ivan David, MD1386669471Thoracic Surgery (Cardiothoracic Vascular Surgery) PhysicianWilmington, NC2006
Izola David, DO1447220769Pediatrics PhysicianPhiladelphia, PA2006
Jaachi David1366361537PharmacistSaint Louis, MO2026
Jack David, DO1164450961Emergency Medicine PhysicianPhoenix, AZ2006
Jackson David, MSW,CSW,TRS,CTRS,1790585792Social WorkerHurricane, UT2025
Jacob David1154011690Social WorkerProvidence Forge, VA2023
Jacob David, M.D.1649400086Family Medicine PhysicianVentura, CA2009
Jacob David1962114082Home Health Registered NurseMorgantown, WV2022
Jacqueline David, MD1417016205Internal Medicine PhysicianEvanston, IL2006
Jacqueline David, D.O.1689975310Internal Medicine PhysicianSunrise, FL2010
Jailyn David1326901018Behavior TechnicianColumbia, MD2025
Jaime David, MD1912056177Family Medicine PhysicianApple Valley, CA2007
Jalay David1831089408Day Training/Habilitation SpecialistOmaha, NE2025
Jalieal David1629873120ContractorOmaha, NE2025
Jamalia David, MD1083930580Family Medicine PhysicianMonroe, NC2010
James David, M.D.1164886651Ophthalmology PhysicianMetairie, LA2016
James David, BA1174512362Case Manager/Care CoordinatorSt Augustine, FL2005
James David, M.D.1609020445Psychiatry PhysicianBronx, NY2008
James David, MD1629020243Diagnostic Radiology PhysicianFort Worth, TX2006
James David, PSY.D.1639231293Clinical PsychologistCedar Hill, TX2006
James David, M.D.1649208919Gastroenterology PhysicianSpokane, WA2006
James David, PH.D.1811983497Marriage & Family TherapistSilver Spring, MD2005
James David, O.D.1932289691OptometristKaysville, UT2006
James David, PH.D.1962532192Clinical PsychologistChicago, IL2007
Jamie David, M.D.1154682847Anesthesiology PhysicianDetroit, MI2012
Jamie David, ED.S1235760943School PsychologistCulpeper, VA2020
Jamie David, LMFT1861863557Marriage & Family TherapistNorth Hollywood, CA2015
Jamie David, M.A.1982953709Marriage & Family TherapistLancaster, CA2012
Jan David, OT1083812309Occupational TherapistLos Angeles, CA2007
Jan Lorraine David, APRN1922497155Family Nurse PractitionerTemple Terrace, FL2015
Jana David, DPT1477681690Physical TherapistSeattle, WA2007
Jane David, PT1851316079Physical TherapistJackson, TN2006
Janelle David1770464299Speech-Language AssistantUnion City, CA2025
Janice David, RN1063813376Registered NurseCanton, OH2014
Janice David1184216178Cognitive & Behavioral PsychologistFairfield, CA2021
Jaquelyn David, PT1982014700Physical TherapistWestbury, NY2014
Jarrod David, DPT1477372373Physical TherapistWinston Salem, NC2024
Jasmin David, CRNA1073682134Certified Registered Nurse AnesthetistLaurium, MI2006
Jasmine David1851005532Behavior TechnicianTulsa, OK2023
Jason David, CRNA1376258459Certified Registered Nurse AnesthetistStony Brook, NY2023
Jason David1598499162Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training ProgramSan Francisco, CA2022
Jason David, MD1619473204Emergency Medicine PhysicianNellis Afb, NV2018
Jason David1891127973Professional CounselorDerwood, MD2013
Jay David, L.C.S.W.1912020777Clinical Social WorkerNome, AK2007
Jay David, PHARMD1952648453PharmacistChicago, IL2013
Jazmin David1700742376Behavior AnalystWilkesboro, NC2025
Jazmine David, DO1619778552Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training ProgramLas Vegas, NV2025
Jean David1235705963Case Manager/Care CoordinatorLos Angeles, CA2021
Jeanne Danielle David, PHARMD1578438891PharmacistSan Francisco, CA2025
Jed David1538468681Occupational TherapistLos Angeles, CA2011
Jefferson David1699346957Physical TherapistSanta Rosa, CA2021
Jeffery David, D.O; PHARM.D.1346585346Family Medicine PhysicianOgden, UT2012
Jeffrey David, LCSW1659967123Clinical Social WorkerMurray, UT2020
Jeffrey David, M.D.1669400487Pediatrics PhysicianLincoln, NE2006
Jeffrey David, M.D.1881738870Obstetrics & Gynecology PhysicianKittanning, PA2007
Jellie David, RRT, RCP1255002689Registered Respiratory TherapistHarbor City, CA2021
Jena David1851125538Addiction (Substance Use Disorder) PsychologistDetroit, MI2024
Jenai David1487197398Clinical Social WorkerJersey City, NJ2016
Jenina Ezra David, MD1114720059Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training ProgramCharlottesville, VA2025
Jenna David, DO1972431864Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training ProgramKalamazoo, MI2026
Jennah David1114747797Music TherapistFort Myers, FL2024
Jennie David, PH.D1295383131Clinical Child & Adolescent PsychologistColumbus, OH2019
Jennifer David1083561658School PsychologistChowchilla, CA2026
Jennifer David1144769464Psychiatric/Mental Health Nurse PractitionerRosedale, NY2017
Jennifer David, DPT1528517026Physical TherapistNew York, NY2016
Jennifer David1598697013Professional CounselorHonesdale, PA2026
Jennifer David, PT1609014612Physical TherapistSicklerville, NJ2009
Jennifer David, LMSW1649850751Clinical Social WorkerMineola, NY2021
Jennifer David, D.O.1740571496Dermatology PhysicianGreensboro, NC2011
Jennifer David1881433472Clinical Social WorkerLawrence, MA2024
Jenny David, DO1275916702Obstetrics & Gynecology PhysicianProvidence, RI2015
Jenny David, FNP1336383660Family Nurse PractitionerAlger, MI2009
Jerel David, MD1457844151Hematology & Oncology PhysicianPort St Lucie, FL2018
Jeremy David, DPT1700306529Orthopedic Physical TherapistPittsburgh, PA2017
Jerome David, CRNP, PMHNP-BC1881062131Psychiatric/Mental Health Nurse PractitionerHarrisburg, PA2015
Jerrylene David1548043904Nurse PractitionerStafford, VA2023
Jessica David1174039986CounselorGainesville, FL2017
Jessica David, LMT1235350059SpecialistBellingham, WA2007
Jessica David, LPC1477159275Professional CounselorJacksonville, MO2020
Jessica David, PHD1639899545Counseling PsychologistBaltimore, MD2022
Jessica David1962835637Clinical PsychologistFairfax, VA2013
Jeswin David1689529596Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training ProgramDetroit, MI2026
Jieun David, M.D.1962841536Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine PhysicianChicago, IL2013
Jill David, ARNP1336142918Nurse PractitionerTallahassee, FL2005
Jill David, DO1477013175Internal Medicine PhysicianModesto, CA2019
Joan David, SLP1154604155Speech-Language PathologistChicago, IL2011
Joan David, PH.D.1235464272PsychologistFountain Valley, CA2009
Joan David, NURSE PRACTITIONER1518492875Adult Health Nurse PractitionerBronx, NY2017
Joann David1962893792Registered NurseBrooklyn, NY2015
Joanne David1669878468CounselorLas Vegas, NV2014
Joanne David, RN1912210303Registered NurseBrooklyn, NY2010
Joby David, NURSE PRACTITIONER1215956875Adult Health Nurse PractitionerMontrose, NY2006
Jocelyn David1265941439Occupational TherapistSeaford, NY2017
Jody David1023236411Mental Health CounselorLake Isabella, CA2007
Joe David, RPH1417960832PharmacistChandler, AZ2006
Joel David, DO1942560222Internal Medicine PhysicianSouth Euclid, OH2012
Johanna David, APRN1962902734Critical Care Neonatal Nurse PractitionerLas Vegas, NV2018
John David, MD1073596235Internal Medicine PhysicianGainesville, FL2005
John David1104708072School PsychologistMilwaukee, WI2025
John David, PT, DPT1194337261Physical TherapistNew Orleans, LA2020
John David, M.D.1235272618Internal Medicine PhysicianBoston, MA2007
John David, M.D.1528089190SpecialistAmarillo, TX2006
John David1538540117Radiation Oncology PhysicianTampa, FL2015
John David, MD1912081993Emergency Medicine PhysicianSan Rafael, CA2006
Jolly David, NP1710990320Registered NurseManhasset, NY2006
Jon Patrick David, NP-C1811392871Gerontology Nurse PractitionerLos Angeles, CA2014
Jonathan David1306327044PharmacistPittsburgh, PA2018
Jonathan David, D.O.1336594738Family Medicine PhysicianCanton, TX2016
Jonathan David, LLPC1487454435Mental Health CounselorSaint Joseph, MI2025
Jonathan David, DPT1649924614Orthopedic Physical TherapistPittsburgh, PA2022
Jonathan David, D.C1679649693ChiropractorChandler, AZ2006
Jonathan David, MD1922004241Gastroenterology PhysicianTuckahoe, NY2005
Jordan David, MD1336534833Psychiatry PhysicianLos Angeles, CA2015
Jordan David, DPT1518439348Physical TherapistRichmond, CA2018
Jordan David1699257089CounselorPotter Valley, CA2018
Jordanna David1215760046Community Health WorkerFairbanks, AK2024
Jose David, MD1154302305Anesthesiology PhysicianTerre Haute, IN2005
Jose David1194836593AcupuncturistWestminster, CA2006
Jose David, L.P.C. , L.M.F.T.1710242250Marriage & Family TherapistHouston, TX2012
Jose David, M.D.1831181981Family Medicine PhysicianAlbany, NY2005
Joseph David, MD1033117502Psychiatry PhysicianCharlottesville, VA2005
Joseph David, MD1205416823Family Medicine PhysicianBrodheadsville, PA2021
Joseph David, D.O.1316235765Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation PhysicianEnglewood, NJ2011
Joseph David1427947811Internal Medicine PhysicianOmaha, NE2025
Joseph David, M.D.1700874310Gastroenterology PhysicianPhoenix, AZ2005
Joseph David, M.D.1851365936Internal Medicine PhysicianWarrenton, VA2006
Joseph David1992795793Orthopedic Physical TherapistPittsburgh, PA2005
Joshua David, MD1073176608Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training ProgramPittsburgh, PA2019
Joshua David1578265195Student in an Organized Health Care Education/Training ProgramRichmond, VA2023
Joshua David1770424434Mental Health Occupational TherapistTarzana, CA2026
Joshua David, N.D.1801917885Family Medicine PhysicianPortland, OR2007
Josie David, ATC1245832518Athletic TrainerEast Lansing, MI2020
Joy David, RBT1811707243Behavior TechnicianChattanooga, TN2025
Joyalina David, LMSW1619686193Social WorkerSchenectady, NY2022
Joyce David, LCSW1134703382Clinical Social WorkerSan Diego, CA2021
Joyce David, M.D.1750523411Emergency Medicine PhysicianValley Stream, NY2009
Jubin David1053038760PharmacistMuncie, IN2022
Jude David1477810711Licensed Practical NurseRosedale, NY2012
Judith David, PT1790995546Physical TherapistBrunswick, OH2007
Judy David, CCC-SLP1053421990Speech-Language PathologistBaton Rouge, LA2006
Judy David, LMHC1972675882Mental Health CounselorBrooksville, FL2006
Julia David1548820699Case Manager/Care CoordinatorCambria Heights, NY2019
Julia David, CPNP, RN1770017378Pediatric Nurse PractitionerBaltimore, MD2017
Julia David, M.D.1962672402Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism PhysicianBriarwood, NY2008
Julie David, LPC1578072971Professional CounselorTyler, TX2017
Julie David, D.D.S.1750553087Pediatric DentistryPlano, TX2008
Julie David, A.R.N.P.1851388706Adult Health Nurse PractitionerMiami, FL2005
Juliette David1386478881Marriage & Family TherapistSacramento, CA2024
June Ann David1730356650Physical TherapistHobbs, NM2008
Justin David, DPT1083230460Orthopedic Physical TherapistPittsburgh, PA2020
Justin David1558063479Urology PhysicianJacksonville, FL2023
Justin David, PA-C1922450428Physician AssistantWarren, MI2016
Justine David, MAOT OTR/L1649648130Pediatric Occupational TherapistLos Angeles, CA2015
Kadambavanam David1730453556PharmacistLutherville, MD2012
Kaleen David1356231385Behavior TechnicianLas Vegas, NV2025
Karen David, SLP1033230412Speech-Language PathologistStrongsville, OH2007
Karen David1306551890Professional CounselorManassas Park, VA2023
Karen David1508818071Clinical Genetics (M.D.) PhysicianNew York, NY2006
Karen David, MD1518995547Pediatrics PhysicianBuckingham, PA2006
Karen David1659772838Registered DietitianTacoma, WA2014
Karen David, RN1710016100Registered NurseColumbus, OH2007
Kari David1811303878Speech-Language PathologistGrand Rapids, MI2014
Karishna Joy David1255293247Registered NurseSeattle, WA2025
Karl-Heinz David, LICSW1649365255Social WorkerMinneapolis, MN2006
Kasandra David, LISW-S1053841833Clinical Social WorkerNapoleon, OH2017
Kasey David1437532058Clinical Social WorkerSan Bernardino, CA2015
Kate David1992035893AudiologistHouston, TX2009
Katelyn David, RDN, LDN1831055490Registered DietitianCharlotte, NC2025
Katherine David1104477025Physical TherapistJasper, AL2019
Katherine David, MSW1477176428Clinical Social WorkerDorchester, MA2020
Katherine David1578084190Social WorkerTulsa, OK2017
Katherine David1598455131Professional CounselorKenosha, WI2023
Katherine David, D.O.1629084249Family Medicine PhysicianSilver Spring, MD2006
Katherine David1760087316PharmacistRoslindale, MA2020
Katherine David, DO1811639032Anesthesiology PhysicianScottsdale, AZ2022
Katherine David1891274486Physical TherapistBastrop, TX2018
Kathleen David1164888145Other TechnicianCypress, TX2016
Kathleen David1235688938CounselorBethel, AK2016
Kathleen David, LMHC1558742114Mental Health CounselorBellingham, WA2015
Kathleen David1699554246Family Nurse PractitionerCarson, CA2023
Kathleen David1932452257Licensed Practical NurseBurien, WA2012
Kathleen David, M.D.1992796577Family Medicine PhysicianColumbia, MO2005
Kathryn David, FNP1063778017Family Nurse PractitionerFort Collins, CO2012

Source: CMS National Plan and Provider Enumeration System (NPPES) (download.cms.gov). A listing is not a recommendation: check a license with the state board (license lookups).